Biological Nitrogen Transformation Efficiency in Removing Nitrogen and Improving Water Quality from Zakho Municipal Wastewater in Kurdistan Region/Iraq

Abstract Samples of municipal waste water was taken and subjected to biological nitrogen transformation (BNT) ammonification nitrification, denitrification processes in order remove the excesses level harmful forms improve physio-chemical properties wastewater. Results revealed that BNT is efficient removing all Nitrogen from water, especially end process, nitrite reduced about 96% nitrate 75%. nitrification process can convert 17 % one-month period while denitrifying this range elevated 40 %. Total Kjeldahl by 17%, nitrifying bacteria are able 74% total nitrate. gaseous form 92% nitrogen. Different were reduce 24%, 64%, 81% organic ammonification, respectively. The COD/ N 1 removal efficiency high. reducing TS, TSS, TDS brought excellent ranges for drinking between 50-150 mg/l. Regarding hardness, hard wastewater higher than 350 mg/l removed significantly bring it soft 180 experiment. Alkalinity as CO 3 react with H coming more HCO ions water. EC values during whole experiment changed 10 units return its natural around 160 ds.m-1 soluble salts cannot be BNT. Turbidity microbes decompose majority suspended dissolved solid create turbidly.